Signal routing: major update

This commit is contained in:
Alexandre Prokoudine 2023-01-14 15:04:15 +03:00
parent 96af6a9849
commit 8433c499dc
2 changed files with 55 additions and 9 deletions

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<p>
Ardour does most of its internal <dfn>signal routing</dfn> via JACK:
all track and bus inputs and outputs are JACK ports, as are sends and
inserts, which means they can be tapped into by other JACK clients.
Only the signal flow inside a track or bus (i.e. from <a
href="@@processor-box">processor to processor</a>) is
handled internally.
Ardour exposes multiple ports for various parts of the signal chain to link
those parts: track inputs and outputs, bus inputs and outputs, sends and
inserts, monitor section outputs. When using the JACK audio backend, these
ports are also accessible by other applications and can be routed externally.
</p>
<figure class="right">
<img src="/images/general-signal-flow.png" height="700px">
<figcaption>General signal flow</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
By default, Ardour will automatically create the following connections:
The chart on the right demonstrates a common signal flow for recording
an instrument: a guitar is plugged into a front input of an audio interface,
the signal then goes directly into the track output, passes the <a
href="@@processor-box">processor box</a> with plugins, fader, and panner,
connects to the input of the master bus, passes its processor box, the goes
into the monitor section, then finally connects to physical outputs like
studio monitors or headphones.
</p>
<p>
This configuration can have multiple variations, such as:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
There can be a DI box sitting between the guitar and the front input,
if the guitar has a passive pickup.
</li>
<li>
The signal from a guitar can pass a DI box and feed into one track, but
another path can go through preamp/amp/cabinet/mic and feed into another
track, so that the musician has both processed sound and dry that can be
re-amped later on.
</li>
<li>
The same can be achieved by creating an input I/O plugin (a guitar amp/cab
simulator), passing a copy of guitar's DI'ed signal through it and feeding
the I/O plugin's output to another track.
</li>
<li>
Monitoring could be done with hardware, so that there would be no monitor
section, and thus the master bus would be connected to physical output ports
directly.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
When Ardour creates multiple tracks and/or busses at once, this is what
happens.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<dfn>Track inputs</dfn> are optionally auto-connected to hardware inputs,
@ -22,7 +65,7 @@
<a href="@@newopen-session-dialog"><kbd
class="menu">Session &gt; New Session</kbd> dialog</a>.
<figure>
<img src="/images/round-robin-connections.png" width="50%">
<img src="/images/round-robin-connections.png" width="75%">
<figcaption>Round-robin assignment of connections</figcaption>
</figure>
</li>
@ -37,7 +80,10 @@
Track and bus outputs are always auto-connected to the master bus inputs.
</li>
<li>
Master bus outputs are connected to hardware outputs.
Master bus outputs are connected to hardware outputs if new session don't
have a monitor section by default (this is set when the user runs Ardour
for the first time and can be changed on the <kbd class="title">Monitoring
Page</kbd> of the <kbd class="window">Preferences</kbd> dialog).
</li>
</ul>
<p>

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