Signal routing: major update
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<p>
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Ardour does most of its internal <dfn>signal routing</dfn> via JACK:
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all track and bus inputs and outputs are JACK ports, as are sends and
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inserts, which means they can be tapped into by other JACK clients.
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Only the signal flow inside a track or bus (i.e. from <a
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href="@@processor-box">processor to processor</a>) is
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handled internally.
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Ardour exposes multiple ports for various parts of the signal chain to link
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those parts: track inputs and outputs, bus inputs and outputs, sends and
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inserts, monitor section outputs. When using the JACK audio backend, these
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ports are also accessible by other applications and can be routed externally.
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</p>
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<figure class="right">
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<img src="/images/general-signal-flow.png" height="700px">
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<figcaption>General signal flow</figcaption>
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</figure>
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<p>
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By default, Ardour will automatically create the following connections:
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The chart on the right demonstrates a common signal flow for recording
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an instrument: a guitar is plugged into a front input of an audio interface,
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the signal then goes directly into the track output, passes the <a
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href="@@processor-box">processor box</a> with plugins, fader, and panner,
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connects to the input of the master bus, passes its processor box, the goes
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into the monitor section, then finally connects to physical outputs like
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studio monitors or headphones.
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</p>
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<p>
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This configuration can have multiple variations, such as:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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There can be a DI box sitting between the guitar and the front input,
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if the guitar has a passive pickup.
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</li>
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<li>
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The signal from a guitar can pass a DI box and feed into one track, but
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another path can go through preamp/amp/cabinet/mic and feed into another
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track, so that the musician has both processed sound and dry that can be
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re-amped later on.
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</li>
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<li>
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The same can be achieved by creating an input I/O plugin (a guitar amp/cab
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simulator), passing a copy of guitar's DI'ed signal through it and feeding
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the I/O plugin's output to another track.
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</li>
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<li>
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Monitoring could be done with hardware, so that there would be no monitor
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section, and thus the master bus would be connected to physical output ports
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directly.
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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When Ardour creates multiple tracks and/or busses at once, this is what
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happens.
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<dfn>Track inputs</dfn> are optionally auto-connected to hardware inputs,
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@ -22,7 +65,7 @@
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<a href="@@newopen-session-dialog"><kbd
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class="menu">Session > New Session</kbd> dialog</a>.
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<figure>
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<img src="/images/round-robin-connections.png" width="50%">
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<img src="/images/round-robin-connections.png" width="75%">
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<figcaption>Round-robin assignment of connections</figcaption>
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</figure>
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</li>
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@ -37,7 +80,10 @@
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Track and bus outputs are always auto-connected to the master bus inputs.
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</li>
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<li>
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Master bus outputs are connected to hardware outputs.
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Master bus outputs are connected to hardware outputs if new session don't
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have a monitor section by default (this is set when the user runs Ardour
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for the first time and can be changed on the <kbd class="title">Monitoring
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Page</kbd> of the <kbd class="window">Preferences</kbd> dialog).
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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source/images/general-signal-flow.png
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