More passive form/update menu locations & optimized image sizes
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@ -10,22 +10,21 @@
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analog console.
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</p>
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<p>
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An insert allows you to either use a special external DSP JACK
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An insert allows to either use a special external DSP JACK
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application that is not available as a plugin, or to splice an external
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analog piece of gear into your channel strip, such as a vintage
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compressor, tube equalizer, etc. In the latter case, you would first
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connect your inserts to a pair of hardware ports, which are in turn
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connected to the outboard gear.
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analog piece of gear into a channel strip, such as a vintage
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compressor, tube equalizer, etc. In the latter case, the inserts would first
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be connected to a pair of hardware ports, which are in turn connected to the
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outboard gear.
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</p>
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<p>
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To disable (bypass) an insert, click on its LED in the processor box.
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Disabling (bypassing) an insert is done by clicking on its LED in the processor box.
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</p>
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<p class="note">
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When you create an insert, the signal will be interrupted until you make
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the relevant connections to the insert ports!
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When an insert is created, the signal will be interrupted until the relevant
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connections to the insert ports are made!
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</p>
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<p class="note">
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Inserts will incur an additional JACK period of latency, which can be
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measured and compensated for during mixing, but not during tracking!
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</p>
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@ -1,55 +1,55 @@
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<figure class="right">
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<img src="/images/connection-manager.png" alt="An example patchbay">
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<figcaption>
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An example patchbay
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</figcaption>
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</figure>
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<p>
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The <dfn>patchbay</dfn> is the main way to make connections to, from and
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within Ardour's mixer.
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</p>
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<p class="note">
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Notable exceptions are internal aux sends and connections to the monitor bus (if
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you are using one): these cannot be controlled from a patchbay, and are
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Notable exceptions are internal aux sends and connections to the monitor bus
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(when using one): these cannot be controlled from a patchbay, and are
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basically not under manual control at all.
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</p>
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<img class="right" src="/images/connection-manager.png" alt="an example patchbay" />
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<p>
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The patchbay presents two groups of ports; one set of <dfn>sources</dfn>
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(which produce data), and one of <dfn>destinations</dfn> (which consume
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data). Depending
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on the relative number of each, the sources will be placed on the left
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or the top of the dialogue, and the destinations on the right or the
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bottom. Thus, in general, signal flow is from top or left to right or
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bottom.
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(which produce data), and one of <dfn>destinations</dfn> (which consume data).
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Depending on the relative number of each, the sources will be placed on the
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left or the top of the dialogue, and the destinations on the right or the
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bottom. Thus, in general, signal flow is from top or left to right or bottom.
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</p>
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<p>
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Both sources and destinations are divided up into groups, with each
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group being given a tab:
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Both sources and destinations are divided up into groups, with each group
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being given a tab:
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</p>
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<table class="dl">
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<tr><th>Hardware</th>
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<td>
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These are ports which are connected to a physical piece of hardware
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(a sound card or MIDI interface).</td></tr>
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<td>These are ports which are connected to a physical piece of hardware
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(a sound card or MIDI interface).</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Ardour Busses</th>
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<td>All ports belonging to busses.</td></tr>
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<td>All ports belonging to busses.</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Ardour Tracks</th>
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<td>All ports belonging to tracks.</td></tr>
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<td>All ports belonging to tracks.</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Ardour Misc</th>
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<td>
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These are other ports that do not fit into the previous two
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categories; for example, the ports on which the metronome click
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is output, and MIDI ports for things like control surfaces and
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timecode.
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</td></tr>
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<td>These are other ports that do not fit into the previous two
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categories; for example, the ports on which the metronome click
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is output, and MIDI ports for things like control surfaces and
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timecode.</td></tr>
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<tr><th>Other</th>
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<td>
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If you have other JACK clients running, their ports will be found
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here. If there are no such ports, the tab will not exist (on one or
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both axes of the grid).</td></tr>
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<td>
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If you there are other JACK clients running, their ports will be found
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here. If there are no such ports, the tab will not exist (on one or
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both axes of the grid).</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>
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The main part of the patchbay is a <dfn>matrix grid</dfn>. Within this
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grid, green dots represent connections, and you can click in any of the
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squares to make or break connections. You can also click and drag to
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draw a line of connections, which is sometimes useful for making many
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connections at once.
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The main part of the patchbay is a <dfn>matrix grid</dfn>. Within this grid,
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green dots represent connections, and any of the squares can be clicked on to
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make or break connections. Clicking and dragging draws a line of connections,
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which is sometimes useful for making many connections at once.
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</p>
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<p>
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In the example patchbay shown above we can note various things. We are
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@ -70,8 +70,8 @@
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<h2>Variants on the Patchbay</h2>
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<p>
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Slightly different versions of the patchbay are available from different
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places in Ardour. For a global view of all JACK audio connections, use
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<kbd class="menu">Window > Audio Patchbay</kbd>, or press
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places in Ardour. A global view of all JACK audio connections is available, in
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<kbd class="menu">Window > Audio Connections</kbd>, or by pressing
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<kbd class="mod2">P</kbd>. A corresponding MIDI Connection Manager can
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be opened using <kbd class="mod23">P</kbd>.</p>
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<p>
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@ -84,42 +84,43 @@
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<h2>Other patchbay features</h2>
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<p>
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Context-clicking on a port name in the connection manager opens a menu
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which provides a few handy options:
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<kbd class="mouse">right</kbd>-clicking on a port name in the connection manager
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opens a context menu which provides a few handy options:
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</p>
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<table class="dl">
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Add audio port</kbd> and <kbd class="menu">Add MIDI port</kbd></th>
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<td>
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These options add audio or MIDI ports to the thing that you opened
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the menu over, if this is possible. In this way, for example, tracks
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and busses can be extended to have more inputs or outputs.
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These options add audio or MIDI ports to the clicked source, if this is
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possible. In this way, for example, tracks and busses can be extended to have
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more inputs or outputs.
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</td></tr>
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Remove</th>
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Remove <em>port_name</em></th>
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<td>
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Removes the given port, if possible. <kbd class="mouse mod3">Right</kbd>-clicking
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a port will do the same.
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</td></tr>
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Disconnect all from…</kbd></th>
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Disconnect all from <em>port_name</em></kbd></th>
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<td>Disconnects everything from the given port.</td></tr>
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Rescan</kbd></th>
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<td>
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Ardour will try to keep abreast of any changes to the JACK ports on
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your system, and reflect them in any connection managers which are open.
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If for some reason this fails, use this to re-scan the list of ports and
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the system, and reflect them in any connection managers which are open.
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If for some reason this fails, this can be used to re-scan the list of ports and
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update the manager.
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</td></tr>
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Show individual ports</kbd></th>
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<td>
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If you have a session which has lots of multi-channel tracks or busses,
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it may be an unnecessary detail that you have to connect left to left and
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right to right every time you make a connection. This obviously gets worse
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with higher channel counts (such as for 5.1 or Ambisonics). To make life
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easier with such sessions, you can untick Show individual ports. After that,
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the channels of tracks and busses will be hidden, and any green dots you add
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in the connection manager will automatically connect each channel of the source
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to the corresponding channel of the destination (left to left, right to right
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and so on). In this mode, a half-circle in the connection grid indicates that
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some (but not all) of the source's ports are connected to the destination.
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If a session has lots of multi-channel tracks or busses, it may be an
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unnecessary detail that left has to be connected to left and right to right
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every time a connection is made. This obviously gets worse with higher
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channel counts (such as for 5.1 or Ambisonics). To make life easier with
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such sessions, Show individual ports can be unticked. After that, the
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channels of tracks and busses will be hidden, and any green dots added in
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the connection manager will automatically connect each channel of the source
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to the corresponding channel of the destination (left to left, right to
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right and so on). In this mode, a half-circle in the connection grid
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indicates that some (but not all) of the source's ports are connected to the
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destination.
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</td></tr>
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<tr><th><kbd class="menu">Flip</kbd></th>
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<td>
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@ -127,8 +128,7 @@
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horizontal. If, for example, the top of the connection manager is showing
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<kbd class="menu">Ardour Busses</kbd> and the right is showing
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<kbd class="menu">Hardware</kbd>, flip will swap the view to the
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opposite. You can also flip by pressing <kbd>f</kbd>. Note that if there are
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no matching tabs on both axes, flipping will be impossible.
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opposite. Flipping can also be done by pressing <kbd>f</kbd>. Note that if
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there are no matching tabs on both axes, flipping will be impossible.
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</td></tr>
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</table>
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the track faders.
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</p>
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<p class="note">Ardour also provides <a href="@@control-masters-mixer-strips">VCAs</a>
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that is a very flexible way to adjust the volume of a group of tracks/busses when
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no additionnal processing is needed.
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</p>
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<p>
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To create a subgroup from an existing Track/Bus group, context-click on
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the relevant <a href="@@the-track-and-bus-group-list">group tab</a>,
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and choose <kbd class="menu">Add new subgroup bus</kbd>. A new bus will be
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created and every member of the track group will have its outputs disconnected
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from other destinations and then connected to the new bus inputs. The bus
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outputs will feed the master bus unless you have selected manual connections
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for the session. The bus will be named after the track group name.
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Create a subgroup from an existing Track/Bus group is done by <kbd
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class="mouse">right</kbd>-clicking on the relevant <a
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href="@@the-track-and-bus-group-list">group tab</a>, and choosing <kbd
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class="menu">Add new subgroup bus</kbd>. A new bus will be created and every
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member of the track group will have its outputs disconnected from other
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destinations and then connected to the new bus inputs. The bus outputs will
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feed the master bus unless manual connections have been selected in the
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session preferences. The bus will be named after the track group name.
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</p>
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<p>
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Alternatively, you can create a group manually, by first adding a new bus,
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then, for each track you want to feed the subgroup bus, disconnect its outputs
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from the master and connect it to the inputs of the subgroup bus instead.
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You can do this in the global audio patchbay or a track by track basis via the
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Alternatively, a group can be created manually, by first adding a new bus,
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then, for each track to be fed in the subgroup bus, disconnecting its outputs
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from the master and connecting it to the inputs of the subgroup bus instead.
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This can be done in the global audio patchbay or on a track by track basis via the
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output button of each track's channel strip.
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</p>
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<p>
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To remove a subgroup (bus), context-click on the track group tab, and select
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<kbd class="menu">Remove subgroup bus</kbd>. You can also simply delete the
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bus itself. Note that this operation will <strong>not</strong> restore signal
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routing to the way it was before the addition of the subgroup bus—tracks
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that had been subgrouped will be left with their main outputs disconncted.
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Remove a subgroup (bus) is done by <kbd class="mouse">right </kbd>-clicking on
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the track group tab, and selecting <kbd class="menu">Remove subgroup
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bus</kbd>. Simply deleting the bus itself will <strong>not</strong> restore
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signal routing to the way it was before the addition of the subgroup
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bus—tracks that had been subgrouped will be left with their main outputs
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disconnected.
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</p>
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<h2>Overview</h2>
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<p>
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In each individual Track or Bus the signal flow is top to bottom. Consider
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the following diagram:
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</p>
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<figure class=center>
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<img width="360px" src="/images/track_signal_routing.png" alt="track signal routing" />
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<figcaption class=center>Typical signal routing in a channel strip.</figcaption>
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<figure class="right">
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<img src="/images/track_signal_routing.png" alt="track signal routing">
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<figcaption>Typical signal routing in a channel strip.</figcaption>
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</figure>
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<p>
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Trim, Fader and Panner are provided by Ardour. The Processor Box can hold 3rd
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Party Plugins or host-provided redirects (insert, aux-send, etc.).
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In each individual Track or Bus the signal flow is top to bottom, as shown in
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the diagram on the right.
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</p>
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<p>
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Trim, Fader and Panner are provided by Ardour. The Processor Box can hold third
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party plugins or host-provided redirects (insert, aux-send, etc.).
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</p>
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<p>
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An important aspect is that the signal flow is multi-channel and not fixed
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throughout the track. For example, a Track can have a mono input, a mono to
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throughout the track. For example, a track can have a mono input, a mono to
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stereo plugin (e.g. reverb) flowing into a surround panner with 6 outputs.
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The design of Ardour is that width of the signal flow is defined by the
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</p>
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<p>
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The design of Ardour is that the width of the signal flow is defined by the
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passage through plugins in the processor box, followed by panning. The number
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of inputs to the panner is defined by the number outputs of the last plugin
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of inputs to the panner is defined by the number of outputs of the last plugin
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in the chain. The number of panner outputs is equal to the track's outputs
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ports, which can be added and removed dynamically. This schema is called
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<em>Flexible I/O</em>. It is very powerful and a distinctive feature of
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@ -31,7 +33,7 @@
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<p class="note">
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The golden rule of processor signal flow: The number of outputs of one link
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of the process chain defines the number inputs of the next, until the panner.
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of the process chain defines the number of inputs of the next, until the panner.
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</p>
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<p>
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@ -43,13 +45,13 @@
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<h2>Strict I/O</h2>
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<p>
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Strict I/O enforces a simple rule: Plugins have the same number of inputs as
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Strict I/O enforces a simple rule: plugins have the same number of inputs as
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they have outputs. By induction the track will have as many output ports as
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there are input ports.
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</p>
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<p>
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Adding a Plugin will not modify the signal flow. The number of plugin outputs
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Adding a plugin will not modify the signal flow. The number of plugin outputs
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is forced to the number of inputs present at the point of insertion. If a
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plugin pin is missing, it is ignored. If a plugin pin is not connected, it is
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fed with silence. Non-connected plugin outputs are ignored.
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@ -183,4 +185,3 @@
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The sidechain ports can then be connected, as other inputs, to a pin of the
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plugin, or an output port as a "thru".
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</p>
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