+ + The Tempo ruler allows changing tempo within one session, either abruptly or + gradually over time. This is done by placing tempo markers on the ruler and + setting up how exactly the transition happens. +
+ ++ On the screenshot below, there are 4 bars of music at 120bpm starting at bar 27, + then the tempo changes abruptly to 140bpm and goes on for another 4 bars at that + tempo, then abruptly changes back to 120bpm and within the next 4 bars gradually + goes back to 140bpm, then continues at 140bpm until the end of the session. +
+ +
+ + The Tempo ruler has two modes: editing tempo and mapping tempo. The mode can + be selected in the Edit > Tempo menu. + Additionally, users can select which one should be enabled by default + Edit > Preferences > Metronome > Default tempo + ruler state for new sessions. +
+ ++ The Map Tempo mode is best suited for cases when there is a live recording + of an instrument or multiple instruments, with some tempo imperfections. So + before more instruments are added, e.g. MIDI-programmed drums, the tempo map + needs to be adjusted to match the actual performance. In this mode, MIDI data + is not adjusted for tempo map changes, so if the live recording contained + both audio and MIDI tracks, the notes will stay exactly where they are. + Additionally, tweaking tempo markers does not change the wall clock position + of other tempo markers. +
+ +
+ + The Change Tempo mode is better suited for cases when the musician either + starts a session from scratch and creates the tempo map at the beginning, or + when they do need the MIDI data to be adjusted for tempo map changes. + Tweaking tempo in a tempo marker in this mode also changes the wall clock + position of subsequent tempo markers. +
+ ++ When working with the tempo ruler in the Change Tempo mode, each tempo + marker exposes several editable properties: +
+ ++ In the Map Tempo mode, tempo markers also have these properties, but except + for the BPM at the start value, they are not exposed in the user interface. +
+ ++ To add a tempo marker, hover a bar or a beat line, press Ctrl + and single-click. Newly created tempo marker will have the same tempo value + as the previous one. +
+ ++ To change the position of a tempo change, do one of the two things: +
+ +
+ + The tempo start value can be changed directly on the timeline or using the + tempo marker properties dialog. +
+ ++ To change the tempo value directly on the timeline, hover the marker, press + Ctrl, and drag the marker left or right. The bpm start value will + change, and the grid will be adjusted accordingly. +
+ ++ Alternatively, double-click the marker or right-click it and choose + Edit to open the marker properties dialog, then + change the "Start beats per minute" value. +
+ ++ Additionally, you can set the new tempo by tapping it in one of the two ways: +
+ ++ In some cases, an existing tempo marker needs to get the same value as the + tempo marker before it, typically to start a ramp. To do that, right-click + the tempo marker that needs to change and select the + Continue menu item. +
+ ++ The tempo between two tempo markers with different bpm start value can stay + the same (constant) or change gradually (ramped). +
+ ++ When the tempo type is constant, the line between two markers stays + horizontal: +
+ +
+ + When the tempo is ramped, the line between two markers is diagonal: +
+ +
+ + The toggle between constant and ramped types is available in the tempo marker + properties menu and applies forward in the timeline. Alternatively, you can + right-click a tempo marker and select the Ramp to Next + menu item. The tempo change will become gradual. +
+ ++ To switch from the ramped type to teh constant type, either open the tempo + marker properties dialog and switch it, or right-click a tempo marker and + select the Set Constant menu item. The tempo will + change abruptly at the next tempo marker. +
+ ++ To remove a tempo marker, either single-click it and press Del + or right-click it and select the Remove menu item. +
+ ++ Audio-locked tempo markers stay in their frame position as their neighbor's + positions are altered. Their pulse (musical) position will change as their + neighbors move. Music-locked tempo markers move their frame position as their + neighbors are moved, but keep their pulse position (they will move as the + music is moved). +
+ ++ In the Map Tempo mode, new tempo markers are only created at bar lines. Hover + a bar line on the tempo ruler, this will change the mouse pointer. Then click + and drag to align the bar line with an onset. A new tempo marker will be + automatically created. +
+ +
+ + To tweak the position of a tempo marker, hover the bar line where it's + located, then click and drag it left or right. +
+ ++ In some cases, tempo fluctuates gradually during the performance. To deal + with that, it's possible to set a tempo ramp. Create two markers, one where + tempo begins changing, and one where it starts changing. Then hover the + mouse pointer between bar lines and start dragging to the left or to the + right. Dragging to the left increases the tempo at the beginning and lowers + it towards the end. Dragging to the right increases the tempo towards the + end and lowers it towards the beginning. +
+ +
+ + For more details on the workflow, plese refer to the + Tempo and Time Signature chapter. +
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