/* Piano-keyboard based on jack-keyboard * * Copyright (C) 2019 Robin Gareus * Copyright (c) 2007, 2008 Edward Tomasz NapieraƂa * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "pianokeyboard.h" #ifndef M_PI # define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846 #endif #ifndef MIN # define MIN(A, B) ((A) < (B)) ? (A) : (B) #endif #ifndef MAX # define MAX(A, B) ((A) > (B)) ? (A) : (B) #endif #define PIANO_KEYBOARD_DEFAULT_WIDTH 730 #define PIANO_KEYBOARD_DEFAULT_HEIGHT 70 #define PIANO_MIN_NOTE 21 #define PIANO_MAX_NOTE 108 #define OCTAVE_MIN (-1) #define OCTAVE_MAX (7) void APianoKeyboard::annotate_layout (cairo_t* cr, int note) const { int nkey = note - _octave * 12; if (nkey < 0 || nkey >= NNOTES) { return; } std::map::const_iterator kv = _note_bindings.find (nkey); if (kv == _note_bindings.end ()) { return; } int x = _notes[note].x; int w = _notes[note].w; int h = _notes[note].h; int tw, th; char buf[32]; snprintf (buf, 16, "%lc", gdk_keyval_to_unicode (gdk_keyval_to_upper (gdk_keyval_from_name (kv->second.c_str ())))); PangoLayout* pl = pango_cairo_create_layout (cr); pango_layout_set_font_description (pl, _font_cue); pango_layout_set_text (pl, buf, -1); pango_layout_set_alignment (pl, PANGO_ALIGN_LEFT); pango_layout_get_pixel_size (pl, &tw, &th); if (_notes[note].white) { cairo_set_source_rgba (cr, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0); } else { cairo_set_source_rgba (cr, 1.0, 1.0, 0.5, 1.0); } if (tw < w) { cairo_save (cr); if (_notes[note].white) { cairo_move_to (cr, x + (w - tw) / 2, h * 2 / 3 + 3); } else { cairo_move_to (cr, x + (w - tw) / 2, h - th - 3); } pango_cairo_show_layout (cr, pl); cairo_restore (cr); } g_object_unref (pl); } void APianoKeyboard::annotate_note (cairo_t* cr, int note) const { assert ((note % 12) == 0); int x = _notes[note].x; int w = _notes[note].w; int h = _notes[note].h; int tw, th; char buf[32]; sprintf (buf, "C%d", (note / 12) - 1); PangoLayout* pl = pango_cairo_create_layout (cr); pango_layout_set_font_description (pl, _font_octave); pango_layout_set_text (pl, buf, -1); pango_layout_set_alignment (pl, PANGO_ALIGN_LEFT); pango_layout_get_pixel_size (pl, &tw, &th); if (th < w && tw < h * .3) { cairo_save (cr); cairo_move_to (cr, x + (w - th) / 2, h - 3); cairo_rotate (cr, M_PI / -2.0); cairo_set_line_width (cr, 1.0); cairo_set_source_rgba (cr, 0, 0, 0, 1.0); pango_cairo_show_layout (cr, pl); #if 0 cairo_rel_move_to (cr, -.5, -.5); pango_cairo_update_layout (cr, pl); cairo_set_source_rgba (cr, 1, 1, 1, 0.3); pango_cairo_layout_path (cr, pl); cairo_set_line_width (cr, 1.5); cairo_stroke (cr); #endif cairo_restore (cr); } g_object_unref (pl); } void APianoKeyboard::draw_note (cairo_t* cr, int note) const { if (note < _min_note || note > _max_note) { return; } int is_white = _notes[note].white; int x = _notes[note].x; int w = _notes[note].w; int h = _notes[note].h; if (_notes[note].pressed || _notes[note].sustained) { if (is_white) { cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0.7, 0.5, 0.5); } else { cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0.6, 0.4, 0.4); } } else if (_highlight_grand_piano_range && (note < PIANO_MIN_NOTE || note > PIANO_MAX_NOTE)) { if (is_white) { cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0.7, 0.7, 0.7); } else { cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0.3, 0.3, 0.3); } } else { if (is_white) { cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0); } else { cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); } } cairo_set_line_width (cr, 1.0); cairo_rectangle (cr, x, 0, w, h); cairo_fill (cr); cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); /* black outline */ cairo_rectangle (cr, x, 0, w, h); cairo_stroke (cr); if (_annotate_octave && (note % 12) == 0) { annotate_note (cr, note); } if (_annotate_layout) { annotate_layout (cr, note); } /* We need to redraw black keys that partially obscure the white one. */ if (note < NNOTES - 2 && !_notes[note + 1].white) { draw_note (cr, note + 1); } if (note > 0 && !_notes[note - 1].white) { draw_note (cr, note - 1); } } void APianoKeyboard::queue_note_draw (int note) { queue_draw_area (_notes[note].x, 0, _notes[note].w, _notes[note].h); } void APianoKeyboard::press_key (int key, int vel) { assert (key >= 0); assert (key < NNOTES); _maybe_stop_sustained_notes = false; /* This is for keyboard autorepeat protection. */ if (_notes[key].pressed) { return; } if (_sustain_new_notes) { _notes[key].sustained = true; } else { _notes[key].sustained = false; } if (_monophonic && _last_key != key) { bool signal_off = _notes[_last_key].pressed || _notes[_last_key].sustained; _notes[_last_key].pressed = false; _notes[_last_key].sustained = false; if (signal_off) { NoteOff (_last_key); /* EMIT SIGNAL */ } queue_note_draw (_last_key); } _last_key = key; _notes[key].pressed = true; NoteOn (key, vel); /* EMIT SIGNAL */ queue_note_draw (key); } void APianoKeyboard::release_key (int key) { assert (key >= 0); assert (key < NNOTES); _maybe_stop_sustained_notes = false; if (!_notes[key].pressed) { return; } if (_sustain_new_notes) { _notes[key].sustained = true; } _notes[key].pressed = false; if (_notes[key].sustained) { return; } NoteOff (key); /* EMIT SIGNAL */ queue_note_draw (key); } void APianoKeyboard::stop_unsustained_notes () { for (int i = 0; i < NNOTES; ++i) { if (_notes[i].pressed && !_notes[i].sustained) { _notes[i].pressed = false; NoteOff (i); /* EMIT SIGNAL */ queue_note_draw (i); } } } void APianoKeyboard::stop_sustained_notes () { for (int i = 0; i < NNOTES; ++i) { if (_notes[i].sustained) { _notes[i].pressed = false; _notes[i].sustained = false; NoteOff (i); /* EMIT SIGNAL */ queue_note_draw (i); } } } int APianoKeyboard::key_binding (const char* key) const { std::map::const_iterator kv; if (key && (kv = _key_bindings.find (key)) != _key_bindings.end ()) { return kv->second; } return -1; } void APianoKeyboard::bind_key (const char* key, int note) { _key_bindings[key] = note; _note_bindings[note] = key; } void APianoKeyboard::clear_notes () { _key_bindings.clear (); _note_bindings.clear (); } void APianoKeyboard::bind_keys_qwerty () { clear_notes (); bind_key ("space", 128); /* Lower keyboard row - "zxcvbnm". */ bind_key ("z", 12); /* C0 */ bind_key ("s", 13); bind_key ("x", 14); bind_key ("d", 15); bind_key ("c", 16); bind_key ("v", 17); bind_key ("g", 18); bind_key ("b", 19); bind_key ("h", 20); bind_key ("n", 21); bind_key ("j", 22); bind_key ("m", 23); /* Upper keyboard row, first octave - "qwertyu". */ bind_key ("q", 24); bind_key ("2", 25); bind_key ("w", 26); bind_key ("3", 27); bind_key ("e", 28); bind_key ("r", 29); bind_key ("5", 30); bind_key ("t", 31); bind_key ("6", 32); bind_key ("y", 33); bind_key ("7", 34); bind_key ("u", 35); /* Upper keyboard row, the rest - "iop". */ bind_key ("i", 36); bind_key ("9", 37); bind_key ("o", 38); bind_key ("0", 39); bind_key ("p", 40); } void APianoKeyboard::bind_keys_qwertz () { bind_keys_qwerty (); /* The only difference between QWERTY and QWERTZ is that the "y" and "z" are swapped together. */ bind_key ("y", 12); bind_key ("z", 33); } void APianoKeyboard::bind_keys_azerty () { clear_notes (); bind_key ("space", 128); /* Lower keyboard row - "wxcvbn,". */ bind_key ("w", 12); /* C0 */ bind_key ("s", 13); bind_key ("x", 14); bind_key ("d", 15); bind_key ("c", 16); bind_key ("v", 17); bind_key ("g", 18); bind_key ("b", 19); bind_key ("h", 20); bind_key ("n", 21); bind_key ("j", 22); bind_key ("comma", 23); /* Upper keyboard row, first octave - "azertyu". */ bind_key ("a", 24); bind_key ("eacute", 25); bind_key ("z", 26); bind_key ("quotedbl", 27); bind_key ("e", 28); bind_key ("r", 29); bind_key ("parenleft", 30); bind_key ("t", 31); bind_key ("minus", 32); bind_key ("y", 33); bind_key ("egrave", 34); bind_key ("u", 35); /* Upper keyboard row, the rest - "iop". */ bind_key ("i", 36); bind_key ("ccedilla", 37); bind_key ("o", 38); bind_key ("agrave", 39); bind_key ("p", 40); } void APianoKeyboard::bind_keys_dvorak () { clear_notes (); bind_key ("space", 128); /* Lower keyboard row - ";qjkxbm". */ bind_key ("semicolon", 12); /* C0 */ bind_key ("o", 13); bind_key ("q", 14); bind_key ("e", 15); bind_key ("j", 16); bind_key ("k", 17); bind_key ("i", 18); bind_key ("x", 19); bind_key ("d", 20); bind_key ("b", 21); bind_key ("h", 22); bind_key ("m", 23); bind_key ("w", 24); /* overlaps with upper row */ bind_key ("n", 25); bind_key ("v", 26); bind_key ("s", 27); bind_key ("z", 28); /* Upper keyboard row, first octave - "',.pyfg". */ bind_key ("apostrophe", 24); bind_key ("2", 25); bind_key ("comma", 26); bind_key ("3", 27); bind_key ("period", 28); bind_key ("p", 29); bind_key ("5", 30); bind_key ("y", 31); bind_key ("6", 32); bind_key ("f", 33); bind_key ("7", 34); bind_key ("g", 35); /* Upper keyboard row, the rest - "crl". */ bind_key ("c", 36); bind_key ("9", 37); bind_key ("r", 38); bind_key ("0", 39); bind_key ("l", 40); #if 0 bind_key("slash", 41); /* extra F */ bind_key("bracketright", 42); bind_key("equal", 43); #endif } void APianoKeyboard::bind_keys_basic_qwerty () { clear_notes (); bind_key ("space", 128); /* simple - middle rows only */ bind_key ("a", 12); /* C0 */ bind_key ("w", 13); bind_key ("s", 14); bind_key ("e", 15); bind_key ("d", 16); bind_key ("f", 17); bind_key ("t", 18); bind_key ("g", 19); bind_key ("y", 20); bind_key ("h", 21); bind_key ("u", 22); bind_key ("j", 23); bind_key ("k", 24); /* C1 */ bind_key ("o", 25); bind_key ("l", 26); bind_key ("p", 27); bind_key ("semicolon", 28); bind_key ("apostrophe", 29); } void APianoKeyboard::bind_keys_basic_qwertz () { clear_notes (); bind_key ("space", 128); /* simple - middle rows only */ bind_key ("a", 12); /* C0 */ bind_key ("w", 13); bind_key ("s", 14); bind_key ("e", 15); bind_key ("d", 16); bind_key ("f", 17); bind_key ("t", 18); bind_key ("g", 19); bind_key ("z", 20); bind_key ("h", 21); bind_key ("u", 22); bind_key ("j", 23); bind_key ("k", 24); /* C1 */ bind_key ("o", 25); bind_key ("l", 26); bind_key ("p", 27); bind_key ("semicolon", 28); bind_key ("apostrophe", 29); } static char* get_keycode (GdkEventKey* event) { GdkKeymapKey kk; /* We're not using event->keyval, because we need keyval with level set to 0. E.g. if user holds Shift and presses '7', we want to get a '7', not '&'. */ kk.keycode = event->hardware_keycode; kk.level = 0; kk.group = 0; guint keyval = gdk_keymap_lookup_key (NULL, &kk); return gdk_keyval_name (gdk_keyval_to_lower (keyval)); } bool APianoKeyboard::on_key_press_event (GdkEventKey* event) { char* key = get_keycode (event); int note = key_binding (key); if (note < 0) { return false; } if (note == 128) { /* Rest is used on release */ return false; } note += _octave * 12; assert (key); assert (note >= 0); assert (note < NNOTES); _note_stack[key] = note; press_key (note, _key_velocity); return true; } bool APianoKeyboard::on_key_release_event (GdkEventKey* event) { char* key = get_keycode (event); if (!key) { return false; } if (key_binding (key) == 128) { Rest (); /* EMIT SIGNAL */ return true; } std::map::const_iterator kv = _note_stack.find (key); if (kv == _note_stack.end ()) { return key_binding (key) != -1; } release_key (kv->second); _note_stack.erase (key); return true; } int APianoKeyboard::get_note_for_xy (int x, int y) const { int height = get_height (); int note; if (y <= ((height * 2) / 3)) { /* might be a black key */ for (note = 0; note <= _max_note; ++note) { if (_notes[note].white) { continue; } if (x >= _notes[note].x && x <= _notes[note].x + _notes[note].w) { return note; } } } for (note = 0; note <= _max_note; ++note) { if (!_notes[note].white) { continue; } if (x >= _notes[note].x && x <= _notes[note].x + _notes[note].w) { return note; } } return -1; } int APianoKeyboard::get_velocity_for_note_at_y (int note, int y) const { if (note < 0) { return 0; } int vel = _min_velocity + (_max_velocity - _min_velocity) * y / _notes[note].h; if (vel < 1) { return 1; } else if (vel > 127) { return 127; } return vel; } bool APianoKeyboard::on_button_press_event (GdkEventButton* event) { int x = event->x; int y = event->y; int note = get_note_for_xy (x, y); if (event->button != 1) return true; if (event->type == GDK_BUTTON_PRESS) { if (note < 0) { return true; } if (_note_being_pressed_using_mouse >= 0) { release_key (_note_being_pressed_using_mouse); } press_key (note, get_velocity_for_note_at_y (note, y)); _note_being_pressed_using_mouse = note; } else if (event->type == GDK_BUTTON_RELEASE) { if (note >= 0) { release_key (note); } else { if (_note_being_pressed_using_mouse >= 0) { release_key (_note_being_pressed_using_mouse); } } _note_being_pressed_using_mouse = -1; } return true; } bool APianoKeyboard::on_button_release_event (GdkEventButton* event) { return on_button_press_event (event); } bool APianoKeyboard::on_motion_notify_event (GdkEventMotion* event) { int note; if ((event->state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK) == 0) return true; int x = event->x; int y = event->y; note = get_note_for_xy (x, y); if (note != _note_being_pressed_using_mouse && note >= 0) { if (_note_being_pressed_using_mouse >= 0) { release_key (_note_being_pressed_using_mouse); } press_key (note, get_velocity_for_note_at_y (note, y)); _note_being_pressed_using_mouse = note; } return true; } bool APianoKeyboard::on_expose_event (GdkEventExpose* event) { cairo_t* cr = gdk_cairo_create (GDK_DRAWABLE (get_window ()->gobj ())); cairo_rectangle (cr, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.width, event->area.height); cairo_clip (cr); char buf[32]; sprintf (buf, "ArdourMono %dpx", MAX (8, MIN (20, _notes[1].w / 2 + 3))); _font_cue = pango_font_description_from_string (buf); sprintf (buf, "ArdourMono %dpx", MAX (8, MIN (20, MIN (_notes[0].w * 11 / 15 , _notes[0].h / 7)))); _font_octave = pango_font_description_from_string (buf); for (int i = 0; i < NNOTES; ++i) { GdkRectangle r; r.x = _notes[i].x; r.y = 0; r.width = _notes[i].w; r.height = _notes[i].h; switch (gdk_region_rect_in (event->region, &r)) { case GDK_OVERLAP_RECTANGLE_PART: case GDK_OVERLAP_RECTANGLE_IN: draw_note (cr, i); break; default: break; } } pango_font_description_free (_font_cue); pango_font_description_free (_font_octave); cairo_destroy (cr); return true; } void APianoKeyboard::on_size_request (Gtk::Requisition* requisition) { requisition->width = PIANO_KEYBOARD_DEFAULT_WIDTH; requisition->height = PIANO_KEYBOARD_DEFAULT_HEIGHT; if (_annotate_layout) { requisition->height += 16; } if (_annotate_octave) { requisition->height += 24; } } int APianoKeyboard::is_black (int key) const { int note_in_octave = key % 12; switch (note_in_octave) { case 1: case 3: case 6: case 8: case 10: return 1; default: return 0; } return 0; } double APianoKeyboard::black_key_left_shift (int key) const { int note_in_octave = key % 12; switch (note_in_octave) { case 1: return 2.0 / 3.0; case 3: return 1.0 / 3.0; case 6: return 2.0 / 3.0; case 8: return 0.5; case 10: return 1.0 / 3.0; default: return 0; } return 0; } void APianoKeyboard::recompute_dimensions () { int note; int number_of_white_keys = 0; int skipped_white_keys = 0; for (note = _min_note; note <= _max_note; ++note) { if (!is_black (note)) { ++number_of_white_keys; } } for (note = 0; note < _min_note; ++note) { if (!is_black (note)) { ++skipped_white_keys; } } int width = get_width (); int height = get_height (); int key_width = width / number_of_white_keys; int black_key_width = key_width * 0.8; int useful_width = number_of_white_keys * key_width; int widget_margin = (width - useful_width) / 2; int white_key; for (note = 0, white_key = -skipped_white_keys; note < NNOTES; ++note) { if (is_black (note)) { /* This note is black key. */ _notes[note].x = widget_margin + (white_key * key_width) - (black_key_width * black_key_left_shift (note)); _notes[note].w = black_key_width; _notes[note].h = (height * 2) / 3; _notes[note].white = 0; continue; } /* This note is white key. */ _notes[note].x = widget_margin + white_key * key_width; _notes[note].w = key_width; _notes[note].h = height; _notes[note].white = 1; white_key++; } } void APianoKeyboard::on_size_allocate (Gtk::Allocation& allocation) { DrawingArea::on_size_allocate (allocation); recompute_dimensions (); } APianoKeyboard::APianoKeyboard () { using namespace Gdk; add_events (KEY_PRESS_MASK | KEY_RELEASE_MASK | BUTTON_PRESS_MASK | BUTTON_RELEASE_MASK | POINTER_MOTION_MASK | POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK); _maybe_stop_sustained_notes = false; _sustain_new_notes = false; _highlight_grand_piano_range = true; _annotate_layout = false; _annotate_octave = false; _octave = 4; _octave_range = 7; _note_being_pressed_using_mouse = -1; _min_note = 0; _max_note = 127; _last_key = 0; _monophonic = false; _min_velocity = 1; _max_velocity = 127; _key_velocity = 100; bind_keys_qwerty (); } APianoKeyboard::~APianoKeyboard () { } void APianoKeyboard::set_grand_piano_highlight (bool enabled) { _highlight_grand_piano_range = enabled; queue_draw (); } void APianoKeyboard::set_annotate_layout (bool enabled) { _annotate_layout = enabled; queue_draw (); } void APianoKeyboard::set_annotate_octave (bool enabled) { _annotate_octave = enabled; queue_draw (); } void APianoKeyboard::set_monophonic (bool monophonic) { _monophonic = monophonic; } void APianoKeyboard::set_velocities (int min_vel, int max_vel, int key_vel) { if (min_vel <= max_vel && min_vel > 0 && max_vel < 128) { _min_velocity = min_vel; _max_velocity = max_vel; } if (key_vel > 0 && key_vel < 128) { _key_velocity = key_vel; } } void APianoKeyboard::sustain_press () { if (!_sustain_new_notes) { _sustain_new_notes = true; _maybe_stop_sustained_notes = true; } } void APianoKeyboard::sustain_release () { if (_maybe_stop_sustained_notes) { stop_sustained_notes (); } _sustain_new_notes = false; } void APianoKeyboard::set_note_on (int note) { if (!_notes[note].pressed) { _notes[note].pressed = true; queue_note_draw (note); } } void APianoKeyboard::set_note_off (int note) { if (_notes[note].pressed || _notes[note].sustained) { _notes[note].pressed = false; _notes[note].sustained = false; queue_note_draw (note); } } void APianoKeyboard::set_octave (int octave) { if (octave < -1) { octave = -1; } else if (octave > 7) { octave = 7; } _octave = octave; set_octave_range (_octave_range); } void APianoKeyboard::set_octave_range (int octave_range) { if (octave_range < 2) { octave_range = 2; } if (octave_range > 11) { octave_range = 11; } _octave_range = octave_range; /* -1 <= _octave <= 7 * key-bindings are at offset 12 .. 40 * default piano range: _octave = 4, range = 7 -> note 21..108 */ switch (_octave_range) { default: assert (0); break; case 2: case 3: _min_note = (_octave + 1) * 12; break; case 4: case 5: _min_note = (_octave + 0) * 12; break; case 6: _min_note = (_octave - 1) * 12; break; case 7: case 8: _min_note = (_octave - 2) * 12; break; case 9: case 10: _min_note = (_octave - 3) * 12; break; case 11: _min_note = (_octave - 4) * 12; break; } int upper_offset = 0; if (_min_note < 3) { upper_offset = 0; _min_note = 0; } else if (_octave_range > 5) { /* extend down to A */ upper_offset = 3; _min_note -= 3; } _max_note = MIN (127, upper_offset + _min_note + _octave_range * 12); if (_max_note == 127) { _min_note = MAX (0, _max_note - _octave_range * 12); } recompute_dimensions (); queue_draw (); } void APianoKeyboard::set_keyboard_layout (Layout layout) { switch (layout) { case QWERTY: bind_keys_qwerty (); break; case QWERTZ: bind_keys_qwertz (); break; case AZERTY: bind_keys_azerty (); break; case DVORAK: bind_keys_dvorak (); break; case S_QWERTY: bind_keys_basic_qwerty (); break; case S_QWERTZ: bind_keys_basic_qwertz (); break; } queue_draw (); }