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<!doctype html><html lang=en class="js csstransforms3d"><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=generator content="Hugo 0.94.2"><meta name=description content><link rel=icon href=/images/favicon.png type=image/png><title>Further region operations :: Ardour tutorial</title><link href=/css/nucleus.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/fontawesome-all.min.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/hybrid.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/featherlight.min.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/perfect-scrollbar.min.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/auto-complete.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/atom-one-dark-reasonable.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/theme.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/tabs.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/hugo-theme.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><link href=/css/theme-blue.css?1647857209 rel=stylesheet><script src=/js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js?1647857209></script><style>:root #header+#content>#left>#rlblock_left{display:none!important}:not(pre)>code+span.copy-to-clipboard{display:none}</style></head><body data-url=/en/editing-sessions/further-region-operations/><nav id=sidebar><div id=header-wrapper><div id=header><a id=logo href=/en><svg id="Layer_1" width="92" height="80" viewBox="0 0 92 80" enable-background="new 0 0 92 80" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><defs id="defs6"/><path id="path6984" fill="#c61f40" d="M45.586.44-.082 79.558c3.356.0 2.828-2.382 4.417-2.382 1.681.004 1.367 1.19 2.951 1.19.814.0 1.467-.806 1.466-2.804.0-2.664.661-4.017 1.476-4.017s1.476 1.187 1.476 2.372c0 1.492.662 2.678 1.476 2.678.814.0 1.477-2.019 1.477-4.512l-.01-2.857c0-3.447.661-6.24 1.476-6.24s1.477 1.207 1.476 5.112c0 3.104.662 6.198 1.476 6.198s1.478-3.602 1.477-9.382c0-6.68.65-10.996 1.465-10.996s1.477 4.32 1.476 8.582c0 4.977.662 9.878 1.477 9.878s1.477-4.902 1.476-11.701c0-7.302.651-12.609 1.466-12.609.813.0 1.477 5.308 1.476 11.406.0 6.4.661 11.955 1.476 11.955s1.476-5.551 1.476-12.661c0-7.109.651-12.766 1.466-12.766s1.476 5.656 1.476 12.649c0 6.994.662 12.641 1.476 12.641s1.477-5.65 1.477-12.397c0-6.602.65-12.135 1.465-12.135s1.476 5.53 1.476 12.746c0 6.952.663 12.271 1.477 12.271.813.0 1.477-5.318 1.476-11.332.0-5.651.651-10.669 1.465-10.669s1.478 5.027 1.477 11.882c0 6.413.661 11.068 1.476 11.068s1.477-4.657 1.476-9.667c0-4.514.651-8.781 1.466-8.781s1.477 4.265 1.476 10.32c0 5.522.662 9.351 1.476 9.351s1.477-3.825 1.477-7.727c0-3.353.65-6.737 1.465-6.737s1.476 3.382 1.476 8.382c0 4.449.662 7.389 1.477 7.389s1.476-2.586 1.476-5.407c0-2.911.662-5.145 1.476-5.145s1.466 2.501 1.466 6.356c0 3.345.661 5.439 1.476 5.439s1.476-1.732 1.476-3.479c0-1.801.662-3.563 1.477-3.563.813.0 1.465 1.703 1.465 4.459.0 2.317.662 3.668 1.477 3.668s1.477-.941 1.477-2.034c0-1.438.661-2.098 1.476-2.098s1.466.987 1.466 2.814c0 1.44.661 2.192 1.476 2.192 1.539.0 1.331-1.917 2.951-1.929 1.773.0 1.253 2.571 2.941 2.571 1.217.0 2.159-.469 2.952-.474 1.316.0 1.408.928 4.416.928L45.588.44H45.586z" style="fill:#000"/></svg></a></div><div class=searchbox><label for=search-by><i class="fas fa-search"></i></label>
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<script type=text/javascript>var baseurl="//en"</script><script type=text/javascript src=/js/search.js?1647857209></script></div><section id=homelinks><ul><li><a class=padding href=/en><i class="fas fa-home"></i> Home</a></li></ul></section><div class=highlightable><ul class=topics><li data-nav-id=/en/introduction/ title=Introduction class=dd-item><a href=/en/introduction/><b>1. </b>Introduction</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/introduction/conventions/ title=Conventions class=dd-item><a href=/en/introduction/conventions/>Conventions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/introduction/what-is-digital-audio/ title="What is digital audio?" class=dd-item><a href=/en/introduction/what-is-digital-audio/>What is digital audio?</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/en/getting-started/ title="Getting started" class=dd-item><a href=/en/getting-started/><b>2. </b>Getting started</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/getting-started/starting-jack/ title="Starting JACK" class=dd-item><a href=/en/getting-started/starting-jack/>Starting JACK</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/getting-started/starting-ardour-on-ubuntu/ title="Starting Ardour" class=dd-item><a href=/en/getting-started/starting-ardour-on-ubuntu/>Starting Ardour</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/ title="Overview of the Interface" class=dd-item><a href=/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/>Overview of the Interface</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/ title="Starting sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/><b>3. </b>Starting sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/starting-a-session/ title="Starting a session" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/starting-a-session/>Starting a session</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/setting-up-the-timeline/ title="Setting up the timeline" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/setting-up-the-timeline/>Setting up the timeline</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/creating-a-track-or-bus/ title="Creating a track or a bus" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/creating-a-track-or-bus/>Creating a track or a bus</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/importing-audio/ title="Importing audio" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/importing-audio/>Importing audio</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/recording-audio/ title="Recording audio" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/recording-audio/>Recording audio</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/understanding-routing/ title="Understanding routing" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/understanding-routing/>Understanding routing</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/starting-sessions/routing-between-applications/ title="Routing between applications" class=dd-item><a href=/en/starting-sessions/routing-between-applications/>Routing between applications</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/ title="Editing sessions" class="dd-item
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parent"><a href=/en/editing-sessions/><b>4. </b>Editing sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/ title="Arranging tracks" class=dd-item><a href=/en/editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/>Arranging tracks</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/setting-up-the-meter/ title="Setting up the meter" class=dd-item><a href=/en/editing-sessions/setting-up-the-meter/>Setting up the meter</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/using-ranges/ title="Using ranges" class=dd-item><a href=/en/editing-sessions/using-ranges/>Using ranges</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/working-with-regions/ title="Working with regions" class=dd-item><a href=/en/editing-sessions/working-with-regions/>Working with regions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/further-region-operations/ title="Further region operations" class="dd-item active"><a href=/en/editing-sessions/further-region-operations/>Further region operations</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/changing-edit-modes/ title="Changing edit modes" class=dd-item><a href=/en/editing-sessions/changing-edit-modes/>Changing edit modes</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/creating-looped-sections/ title="Creating looped sections" class=dd-item><a href=/en/editing-sessions/creating-looped-sections/>Creating looped sections</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/editing-sessions/stretching-shrinking-regions/ title="Stretching & shrinking regions" class=dd-item><a href=/en/editing-sessions/stretching-shrinking-regions/>Stretching & shrinking regions</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/ title="Mixing sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/><b>5. </b>Mixing sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/the-mixer-strip/ title="The mixer strip" class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/the-mixer-strip/>The mixer strip</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/mixing-levels/ title="Mixing levels" class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/mixing-levels/>Mixing levels</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/panning/ title=Panning class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/panning/>Panning</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/using-plugins/ title="Using plugins" class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/using-plugins/>Using plugins</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/ title="Using sends" class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/>Using sends</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/dynamics/ title=Dynamics class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/dynamics/>Dynamics</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/equalizing/ title=Equalizing class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/equalizing/>Equalizing</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/mixing-sessions/using-automation/ title="Using automation" class=dd-item><a href=/en/mixing-sessions/using-automation/>Using automation</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/en/exporting-sessions/ title="Exporting sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/en/exporting-sessions/><b>6. </b>Exporting sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-region/ title="Exporting regions" class=dd-item><a href=/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-region/>Exporting regions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-range/ title="Exporting a range" class=dd-item><a href=/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-range/>Exporting a range</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-session/ title="Exporting a session" class=dd-item><a href=/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-session/>Exporting a session</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/en/saving-sessions/ title="Saving sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/en/saving-sessions/><b>7. </b>Saving sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-session/ title="Saving a session" class=dd-item><a href=/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-session/>Saving a session</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-snapshot/ title="Saving a snapshot" class=dd-item><a href=/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-snapshot/>Saving a snapshot</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-template/ title="Saving a template" class=dd-item><a href=/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-template/>Saving a template</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/en/appendices/ title=Appendices class=dd-item><a href=/en/appendices/><b>8. </b>Appendices</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/en/appendices/further-help/ title="Further help" class=dd-item><a href=/en/appendices/further-help/>Further help</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/appendices/glossary/ title=Glossary class=dd-item><a href=/en/appendices/glossary/>Glossary</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/appendices/links/ title=Links class=dd-item><a href=/en/appendices/links/>Links</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/appendices/credits/ title=Credits class=dd-item><a href=/en/appendices/credits/>Credits</a></li><li data-nav-id=/en/appendices/license/ title=License class=dd-item><a href=/en/appendices/license/>License</a></li></ul></li></ul><section id=shortcuts><h3>More</h3><ul><li><a class=padding href=https://github.com/brunoruviaro/ardour4-tutorial/><i class="fab fa-fw fa-github"></i> This tutorial on GitHub</a></li><li><a class=padding href=https://ardour.org/><i class="fas fa-fw fa-home"></i> Ardour's homepage</a></li><li><a class=padding href=https://manual.ardour.org><i class="fas fa-fw fa-bookmark"></i> User manual</a></li><li><a class=padding href=https://discourse.ardour.org/><i class="fas fa-fw fa-users"></i> Forum</a></li><li><a class=padding href=en/appendices/credits><i class="fas fa-fw fa-bullhorn"></i> Credits</a></li></ul></section><section id=prefooter><hr><ul><li><a class=padding><i class="fas fa-language fa-fw"></i><div class=select-style><select id=select-language onchange="location=this.value"><option id=en value=/en/editing-sessions/further-region-operations/ selected>English</option></select><svg id="Capa_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="255" height="255" viewBox="0 0 255 255" style="enable-background:new 0 0 255 255"><g><g id="arrow-drop-down"><polygon points="0,63.75 127.5,191.25 255,63.75"/></g></g></svg></div></a></li></ul></section><section id=footer><p>Built with <a href=https://github.com/matcornic/hugo-theme-learn><i class="fas fa-heart"></i></a> from <a href=https://getgrav.org>Grav</a> and <a href=https://gohugo.io/>Hugo</a></p></section></div></nav><section id=body><div id=overlay></div><div class="padding highlightable"><div><div id=top-bar><div id=breadcrumbs itemscope itemtype=http://data-vocabulary.org/Breadcrumb><span id=sidebar-toggle-span><a href=# id=sidebar-toggle data-sidebar-toggle><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a></span>
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<span class=links><a href=/en/>Home</a> > <a href=/en/editing-sessions/>Editing sessions</a> > Further region operations</span></div><div class=progress><div class=wrapper><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#pitch-shifting>Pitch Shifting</a></li><li><a href=#normalize>Normalize</a></li><li><a href=#reverse>Reverse</a></li><li><a href=#operations-on-two-or-more-selected-ranges>Operations on two or more selected Ranges</a><ul><li><a href=#combine>Combine</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#continuing>Continuing</a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div><div id=head-tags></div><div id=body-inner><h1>Further region operations</h1><p>In this section you will learn a few more things you can do with Regions.</p><p>Right-clicking a selected Region reveals a context menu. The first item
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in the menu (labeled with the Region’s name) contains a large sub-menu.
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All of these operations are also available from Ardour’s main <em>Region</em>
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menu.</p><p>This section describes a few of the most commonly used operations
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accessible from these menus.</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Region_Menu_1.png alt="region menu 1"></p><ul><li><strong>Play</strong>: play back from the beginning to the end of
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that Region (shortcut “<em>H</em>”).</li><li><strong>Loop</strong>: set the loop range to fit that region’s duration, and
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start looping it right away.</li><li><strong>Rename</strong>: change a region’s name.</li><li><strong>Properties</strong>: lots of information on the region, plus ability to
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change its gain.</li><li><strong>Position</strong>: among other options, in this sub-menu you will find
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The <strong>Lock</strong> toggle box: it locks the Region so that it cannot be
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Moved or Trimmed. It can still be Split, however, and the resulting
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Regions will be unlocked.</li><li><strong>Edit</strong>: in this sub-menu you find useful tools such as <strong>Pitch Shift</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 8</em>”) and <strong>Reverse</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 4</em>”). Pitch Shift alters the pitch of a region without changing its duration. Reverse makes the region play backwards.</li><li><strong>Gain</strong>: useful options such as <strong>Mute</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 1</em>), <strong>Normalize</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 3</em>”), <strong>Boost Gain</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 6</em>”), and <strong>Cut Gain</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 7</em>”).</li><li><strong>Duplicate</strong>: includes Duplicate (shortcut “<em>Alt + D</em>”), Multi-Duplicate, and Fill Track.
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These were explained in detail in the chapter <a href=../working-with-regions>Working with
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Regions</a>.</li><li><strong>Spectral Analysis</strong>: window displaying the overall frequency
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content of the Region.</li></ul><p>Feel free to explore by yourself other sub-menus not mentioned above.
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Many of them are mirrors of the options you find under Ardour’s
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<em>Region</em> menu. Below we go into a bit more details on some of the most
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useful functions.</p><h2 id=pitch-shifting>Pitch Shifting</h2><p>The <strong>Pitch Shift</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 8</em>”) function alters the pitch of a region without
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changing its duration. The function applies a pitch-shifting algorithm
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to create a new audio clip based on the source clip.</p><p>The Pitch Shift window allows the user to specify the amount and direction of
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transposition desired. The window includes a <strong>Preserve Formants</strong>
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button. When pitch shifting by large amounts, the Preserve Formants
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option can give results that sound slightly more natural, particularly
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when used on vocal material.</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Pitch_Shift_Window.png alt="pitch shift"> </p><h2 id=normalize>Normalize</h2><p>The <strong>Normalize</strong> function (shortcut <em>“Alt” + “3”</em>) non-destructively boosts the level of the
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selected Region so that the <strong>Peaks</strong> are at 0 dB or less. When Normalizing
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to 0.0, the region will be as loud as possible while avoiding <strong>Clipping</strong>.
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Sometimes you may find useful to normalize a region to a value less than 0,
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such as -1.0, -3.0, or -6.0 decibels, so it doesn’t become too loud.</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Normalize_Window.png alt=normalize></p><p>Two other useful gain operations for regions are Boost Gain (<em>“Alt” + “6”</em>), and Cut Gain (<em>“Alt” + “7”</em>). Be sure to try them out.</p><h2 id=reverse>Reverse</h2><p>The <strong>Reverse</strong> (shortcut “<em>Alt + 4</em>”) function reverses the selected region of audio, in
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effect causing it to play backwards. Reversing a region creates a
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new audio file ‘behind the scenes’.</p><h2 id=operations-on-two-or-more-selected-ranges>Operations on two or more selected Ranges</h2><p>If more than one range is selected, the operation will apply to all of
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them (for example, Normalize, Reverse, etc.)</p><h3 id=combine>Combine</h3><p>Some operations from the context menu will only become available when
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two or more regions are selected. For example, let’s take a look at the
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“Combine” function, under the sub-menu “Edit”. First we select two
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adjacent regions:</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Region_Combine.png alt=combine></p><p>Then we choose “Combine” from the right-click context menu, or from
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Ardour’s main menu <em>Region > Edit > Combine</em>:</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Region_Combine_2.png alt="combine 2"></p><p>As a result, the selected regions are combined into one. This is
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particulary useful when you have found an exact sequence of regions that
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works just as you want, and then you would like to copy and/or move the
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whole sequence as group.</p><p>Notice that the resulting combined region has the word “compound”
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attached to its name.</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Region_Combine_3.png alt="combine 3"></p><h2 id=continuing>Continuing</h2><p>In the following chapter, we will learn a bit more about the powerful
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tools Ardour has available by changing <strong>Edit Modes</strong>.</p><p>Next: <a href=../changing-edit-modes>CHANGING EDIT MODES</a></p><footer class=footline></footer></div></div><div id=navigation></div></section><div style=left:-1000px;overflow:scroll;position:absolute;top:-1000px;border:none;box-sizing:content-box;height:200px;margin:0;padding:0;width:200px><div style=border:none;box-sizing:content-box;height:200px;margin:0;padding:0;width:200px></div></div><script src=/js/clipboard.min.js?1647857209></script>
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