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103 lines
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HTML
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<script type=text/javascript>var baseurl="https://prokoudine.github.io/ardour-tutorial/en"</script><script type=text/javascript src=/ardour-tutorial/js/search.js?1650871830></script></div><section id=homelinks><ul><li><a class=padding href=/ardour-tutorial/en/><i class="fas fa-home"></i> Home</a></li></ul></section><div class=highlightable><ul class=topics><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/ title=Introduction class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/><b>1. </b>Introduction</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/conventions/ title=Conventions class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/conventions/>Conventions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/what-is-digital-audio/ title="What is digital audio?" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/what-is-digital-audio/>What is digital audio?</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/ title="Getting started" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/><b>2. </b>Getting started</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/starting-ardour-on-ubuntu/ title="Starting Ardour" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/starting-ardour-on-ubuntu/>Starting Ardour</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/ title="Overview of the Interface" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/>Overview of the Interface</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/editor-window/ title="Editor window" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/editor-window/>Editor window</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/mixer-window/ title="Mixer window" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/mixer-window/>Mixer window</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/recorder-window/ title="Recorder window" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/recorder-window/>Recorder window</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/cue-window/ title="Cue window" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/cue-window/>Cue window</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/creating-tracks-and-busses/ title="Creating tracks and busses" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/creating-tracks-and-busses/>Creating tracks and busses</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/importing-audio/ title="Importing audio" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/importing-audio/>Importing audio</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/setting-up-the-timeline/ title="Setting up the timeline" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/setting-up-the-timeline/>Setting up the timeline</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/ title=Recording class="dd-item
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parent"><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/><b>3. </b>Recording</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/recording-audio/ title="Recording audio" class="dd-item active"><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/recording-audio/>Recording audio</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/understanding-routing/ title="Understanding routing" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/understanding-routing/>Understanding routing</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/routing-between-applications/ title="Routing between applications" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/routing-between-applications/>Routing between applications</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/ title="Editing sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/><b>4. </b>Editing sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/non-destructive-editing/ title="Non-destructive editing" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/non-destructive-editing/>Non-destructive editing</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/ title="Arranging tracks" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/>Arranging tracks</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/setting-up-time-signature/ title="Setting up time signature" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/setting-up-time-signature/>Setting up time signature</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/using-ranges/ title="Using ranges" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/using-ranges/>Using ranges</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/working-with-regions/ title="Working with regions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/working-with-regions/>Working with regions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/further-region-operations/ title="Further region operations" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/further-region-operations/>Further region operations</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/changing-edit-modes/ title="Changing edit modes" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/changing-edit-modes/>Changing edit modes</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/creating-looped-sections/ title="Creating looped sections" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/creating-looped-sections/>Creating looped sections</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/stretching-shrinking-regions/ title="Stretching & shrinking regions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/stretching-shrinking-regions/>Stretching & shrinking regions</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/ title="Mixing sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/><b>5. </b>Mixing sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/the-mixer-strip/ title="The mixer strip" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/the-mixer-strip/>The mixer strip</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/mixing-levels/ title="Mixing levels" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/mixing-levels/>Mixing levels</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/panning/ title=Panning class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/panning/>Panning</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-plugins/ title="Using plugins" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-plugins/>Using plugins</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/ title="Using sends" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/>Using sends</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/dynamics/ title=Dynamics class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/dynamics/>Dynamics</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/equalizing/ title=Equalizing class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/equalizing/>Equalizing</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-automation/ title="Using automation" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-automation/>Using automation</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/ title="Exporting sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/><b>6. </b>Exporting sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-session/ title="Exporting sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-session/>Exporting sessions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-region/ title="Exporting regions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-region/>Exporting regions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-range/ title="Exporting ranges" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-range/>Exporting ranges</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/ title="Saving sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/><b>7. </b>Saving sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-session/ title="Saving a session" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-session/>Saving a session</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-snapshot/ title="Saving a snapshot" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-snapshot/>Saving a snapshot</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-template/ title="Saving a template" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-template/>Saving a template</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/ title=Appendices class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/><b>8. </b>Appendices</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/further-help/ title="Further help" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/further-help/>Further help</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/glossary/ title=Glossary class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/glossary/>Glossary</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/credits/ title=Credits class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/credits/>Credits</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/license/ title=License class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/license/>License</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/how-to-contribute/ title="How to contribute" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/how-to-contribute/>How to contribute</a></li></ul></li></ul><section id=shortcuts><h3>More</h3><ul><li><a class=padding href=https://github.com/prokoudine/ardour-tutorial><i class="fab fa-fw fa-github"></i> This tutorial on GitHub</a></li><li><a class=padding href=https://ardour.org/><i class="fas fa-fw fa-home"></i> Ardour's homepage</a></li><li><a class=padding href=https://manual.ardour.org><i class="fas fa-fw fa-bookmark"></i> User manual</a></li><li><a class=padding href=https://discourse.ardour.org/><i class="fas fa-fw fa-users"></i> Forum</a></li><li><a class=padding href=https://prokoudine.github.io/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/credits/><i class="fas fa-fw fa-bullhorn"></i> Credits</a></li></ul></section><section id=prefooter><hr><ul><li><a class=padding><i class="fas fa-language fa-fw"></i><div class=select-style><select id=select-language onchange="location=this.value"><option id=en value=https://prokoudine.github.io/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/recording-audio/ selected>English</option></select><svg id="Capa_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="255" height="255" viewBox="0 0 255 255" style="enable-background:new 0 0 255 255"><g><g id="arrow-drop-down"><polygon points="0,63.75 127.5,191.25 255,63.75"/></g></g></svg></div></a></li></ul></section><section id=footer><p>Built with <a href=https://github.com/matcornic/hugo-theme-learn><i class="fas fa-heart"></i></a> from <a href=https://getgrav.org>Grav</a> and <a href=https://gohugo.io/>Hugo</a></p></section></div></nav><section id=body><div id=overlay></div><div class="padding highlightable"><div><div id=top-bar><div id=breadcrumbs itemscope itemtype=http://data-vocabulary.org/Breadcrumb><span id=sidebar-toggle-span><a href=# id=sidebar-toggle data-sidebar-toggle><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a></span>
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<span id=toc-menu><i class="fas fa-list-alt"></i></span>
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<span class=links><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/>Home</a> > <a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/recording-audio/>Recording</a> > Recording audio</span></div><div class=progress><div class=wrapper><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><ul><li><a href=#arming-the-track>Arming the Track</a></li><li><a href=#arm-ardour-and-start-recording>Arm Ardour and Start Recording</a></li><li><a href=#avoid-clipping>Avoid Clipping</a></li><li><a href=#region-list>Region List</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#continuing>Continuing</a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div><div id=head-tags></div><div id=body-inner><h1>Recording audio</h1><p>Besides importing existing audio files, another way to create regions in your
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Ardour session is to <em>record</em> new audio.</p><p>The source of this audio could be the line or microphone inputs of your audio
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interface, or it could even be sound originating from other applications on
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your computer which have been connected to Ardour via JACK. Please see the
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<a href=../understanding-routing/>section on routing</a> for more details.</p><p>This section will show you how to record audio from an external source (for
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example, a microphone) onto a track in Ardour.</p><figure><img src=en/ardour7-editor-mixer-input.png alt="Editor Mixer Input"></figure><p>First, you should check that the proper inputs have been routed to the
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track you wish to record to.</p><ol><li>Select the track by clicking on the empty space just below its name and
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volume slider.</li><li>The track becomes highlighted.</li></ol><figure><img src=en/ardour7-audio-1-highlight.gif alt="Highlighting a track"></figure><ol start=3><li>The vertical <em>Editor Mixer</em> strip located on the left side of the <em>Editor</em>
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window should now show the track you just selected (<em>Audio 1</em> in the image
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above).</li><li>Just below the track name in the <em>Editor Mixer</em> you will find a button that
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allows you to edit the routing.</li><li>Click on that button to investigate the routing.</li></ol><div class="notices tip"><p>If you don’t see the <em>Editor Mixer</em> strip, use the <strong>Shift + E</strong> shortcut to
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make it appear.</p></div><p>In the next image you can see that the only input of this mono track is
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receiving signal from <em>system capture_1</em>. This normally means the first
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microphone input of your soundcard. The actual names of the connections on your
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personal computer may be different depending on a number of factors, including
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whether you are using a macOS, Windows, or Linux computer. If you don’t see a
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connection named <em>system capture_1</em>, look for whichever connection name is
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likely to be your input microphone.</p><p><figure><img src=en/ardour7-audio-1-input.png alt="Audio 1 input"></figure> </p><p>The tabs that you see displayed vertically on the left are available
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sources. “<em>Audio 1 in</em>” on the bottom right is the
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destination. The green dot represents a connection.</p><p>The <em>Ardour</em> tabs show the connections that can be made from other sources
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within Ardour. The <em>Other</em> tab displays audio connections available from
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software other than Ardour, if any is available. The <em>Hardware</em> tab shows
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hardware connections (for example, the built-in microphone of your computer or
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the inputs from your sound card). This will be explained in more detail in the
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<a href=../understanding-routing/>Understanding Routing</a> chapter.</p><p>For the purpose of this chapter, simply make sure that <em>system capture_1</em> (or
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equivalent in your computer) from the <em>Hardware</em> tab is connected to the track
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you want to use so that we can do a test recording. If you don’t see a green dot
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as in the screenshot above, click on the matrix to make the connection manually.
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You can now close this window.</p><div class="notices tip"><p>The example above assumes you are recording a mono sound source onto a mono
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track. If you want to record in stereo, the instructions are pretty much the
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same, but you should create a stereo track. You should then see two green dots,
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one for <em>capture_1</em> and another for <em>capture_2</em>.</p></div><h3 id=arming-the-track>Arming the Track</h3><div class="notices warning"><p>Please be sure to first turn down the volume of your loudspeakers before the
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next step.</p></div><p>“Arming the Track” is simply to get it ready for recording. Once you have
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checked that the proper capture inputs have been routed to the Track, you can
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arm the Track to record by clicking on the small red icon on the horizontal
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track strip (not the big one in the Transport controls).</p><p><figure><img src=en/ardour7-arming-the-track.png alt="Arming Track"></figure> </p><p>When properly armed, the small red icon will remain highlighted, and you will be
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able to see the incoming signal by looking at the <em>peak meter</em> on the <em>Editor
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Mixer</em> or on the horizontal track strip.</p><p>If you are using headphones, you should be able to hear (“monitor”) the sounds
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being recorded. If you are using loudspeakers, be sure to turn their volume down
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to avoid feedback.</p><div class="notices tip"><p>Unless you have told Ardour to do otherwise, the input being recorded will be
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monitored (in other words, heard) via the <em>Audition</em> output. If you are not
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using headphones to monitor the recording process, you may get some loud
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feedback at this point!</p></div><h3 id=arm-ardour-and-start-recording>Arm Ardour and Start Recording</h3><p>Now that you have armed the track to record, you must arm Ardour itself to
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record by clicking on the big red button in the <em>Transport</em> toolbar. The button
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will blink in red, indicating that Ardour is ready to record. To start
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recording, click on the <strong>Play</strong> button in the <em>Transport</em> menu, or press the
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space bar of your computer keyboard. Clicking the <strong>Play</strong> button again (or
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pressing the space bar) will stop recording.</p><figure><img src=en/ardour7-recording.png alt=Recording></figure><p>While recording, the armed track will capture the sounds from the input. Any
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existing sound on other tracks will play normally during the recording. This
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allows you to play, sing or speak along with other regions and tracks you have
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already recorded or embedded in your session.</p><p>While recording, you will be able to see the <em>levels</em> (the amplitude in
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decibels) of the incoming sound, as well as see the <em>peaks</em> of the <em>waveform</em>
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appearing as it is recorded.</p><h3 id=avoid-clipping>Avoid Clipping</h3><p>The audio in the screenshot below was recorded too loud and produced <em>clipping</em>
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(in other words, the signal recorded was outside the bounds of what could be
|
||
represented digitally), which results in a loss of information and audible
|
||
distortion. The clipped peaks in the waveform are marked in red.</p><figure><img src=en/ardour7-clipping.png alt=Clipping></figure><p>The best and easiest way to avoid clipping is have some control over the volume
|
||
of the incoming audio signal before it gets to the sound card. For example, you
|
||
can can move the microphone further away from the sound being recorded or use a
|
||
mixer to reduce the volume of the incoming signal. </p><p>When the audio signal has been recorded within proper limits, you should see no
|
||
red peaks, and the level meter should show a negative number as maximum peak
|
||
(for example, a maximum peak of around −3.0 decibels allows for a comfortable
|
||
distance from the clipping point.)</p><p>The range of decibels between the region’s maximum peak and the clipping point
|
||
is commonly referred to as <em>headroom</em>. It is common recording practice to keep
|
||
approximately three to six decibels of headroom between the maximum of your
|
||
signal and the clipping point, with the clipping point itself being represented
|
||
as 0dB (zero decibels). In other words, an audio region with a comfortable
|
||
amount of headroom would have its maximum peaks between −6dB and −3dB.</p><h3 id=region-list>Region List</h3><p>Recorded audio appears as a new region in the recording track. Like all regions,
|
||
this newly recorded one will be available in the <em>Regions</em> list, from where you
|
||
can drag-and-drop it into other tracks if needed.</p><p>The region you just recorded will automatically receive the name of the track
|
||
where it was recorded, with different takes being automatically numbered. In the
|
||
screenshot below, “<em>Audio 1-1</em>” and “<em>Audio 1-2</em>” represent two different
|
||
recordings made on a track named “<em>Audio 1</em>”.</p><figure><img src=en/ardour7-region-list-recording.png alt="Region List Rec"></figure><p>You might want to plan ahead and organize your recording session by giving
|
||
appropriate names to different tracks. For example, a track used only for
|
||
recording vocals can be named “Voice”. This way, recorded sound files will be
|
||
named accordingly, and different takes will appear in the <em>Regions</em> list
|
||
identified as “Voice-1”, “Voice-2”, etc, rather than the default generic names,
|
||
such as “Audio 1”.</p><p>To rename a track, just double-click on its name (before you arm the track to
|
||
record) and type in the new name.</p><figure><img src=en/ardour7-rename-track.png alt="Rename Track"></figure><div class="notices tip"><p>Did we mention how important it is to <strong>save your work often</strong>? Hit <strong>Ctrl + S</strong>
|
||
right now. Get in the habit of hitting it every few minutes.</p></div><h2 id=continuing>Continuing</h2><p>At this point, you may want to skip directly ahead to the <a href=../../editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/>Arranging
|
||
Tracks</a> section to learn how to
|
||
arrange the regions into a composition. If you plan on doing more complicated
|
||
Recording than what we have discussed here, in particular with a multichannel
|
||
soundcard, or from other JACK-enabled audio programs on your computer, you
|
||
should also have a look at the <a href=../understanding-routing>Understanding
|
||
Routing</a> chapter.</p><p>Next: <a href=../../editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/>ARRANGING TRACKS</a> or
|
||
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