ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/index.html

53 lines
23 KiB
HTML
Raw Normal View History

<!doctype html><html lang=en class="js csstransforms3d"><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=generator content="Hugo 0.95.0"><meta name=description content><link rel=icon href=/ardour-tutorial/images/favicon.png type=image/png><title>Using sends :: Ardour tutorial</title><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/nucleus.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/fontawesome-all.min.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/hybrid.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/featherlight.min.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/perfect-scrollbar.min.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/auto-complete.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/atom-one-dark-reasonable.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/theme.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/tabs.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/hugo-theme.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><link href=/ardour-tutorial/css/theme-blue.css?1647910380 rel=stylesheet><script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js?1647910380></script><style>:root #header+#content>#left>#rlblock_left{display:none!important}:not(pre)>code+span.copy-to-clipboard{display:none}</style></head><body data-url=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/><nav id=sidebar><div id=header-wrapper><div id=header><a id=logo href=/ardour-tutorial/en/><svg id="Layer_1" width="92" height="80" viewBox="0 0 92 80" enable-background="new 0 0 92 80" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><defs id="defs6"/><path id="path6984" fill="#c61f40" d="M45.586.44-.082 79.558c3.356.0 2.828-2.382 4.417-2.382 1.681.004 1.367 1.19 2.951 1.19.814.0 1.467-.806 1.466-2.804.0-2.664.661-4.017 1.476-4.017s1.476 1.187 1.476 2.372c0 1.492.662 2.678 1.476 2.678.814.0 1.477-2.019 1.477-4.512l-.01-2.857c0-3.447.661-6.24 1.476-6.24s1.477 1.207 1.476 5.112c0 3.104.662 6.198 1.476 6.198s1.478-3.602 1.477-9.382c0-6.68.65-10.996 1.465-10.996s1.477 4.32 1.476 8.582c0 4.977.662 9.878 1.477 9.878s1.477-4.902 1.476-11.701c0-7.302.651-12.609 1.466-12.609.813.0 1.477 5.308 1.476 11.406.0 6.4.661 11.955 1.476 11.955s1.476-5.551 1.476-12.661c0-7.109.651-12.766 1.466-12.766s1.476 5.656 1.476 12.649c0 6.994.662 12.641 1.476 12.641s1.477-5.65 1.477-12.397c0-6.602.65-12.135 1.465-12.135s1.476 5.53 1.476 12.746c0 6.952.663 12.271 1.477 12.271.813.0 1.477-5.318 1.476-11.332.0-5.651.651-10.669 1.465-10.669s1.478 5.027 1.477 11.882c0 6.413.661 11.068 1.476 11.068s1.477-4.657 1.476-9.667c0-4.514.651-8.781 1.466-8.781s1.477 4.265 1.476 10.32c0 5.522.662 9.351 1.476 9.351s1.477-3.825 1.477-7.727c0-3.353.65-6.737 1.465-6.737s1.476 3.382 1.476 8.382c0 4.449.662 7.389 1.477 7.389s1.476-2.586 1.476-5.407c0-2.911.662-5.145 1.476-5.145s1.466 2.501 1.466 6.356c0 3.345.661 5.439 1.476 5.439s1.476-1.732 1.476-3.479c0-1.801.662-3.563 1.477-3.563.813.0 1.465 1.703 1.465 4.459.0 2.317.662 3.668 1.477 3.668s1.477-.941 1.477-2.034c0-1.438.661-2.098 1.476-2.098s1.466.987 1.466 2.814c0 1.44.661 2.192 1.476 2.192 1.539.0 1.331-1.917 2.951-1.929 1.773.0 1.253 2.571 2.941 2.571 1.217.0 2.159-.469 2.952-.474 1.316.0 1.408.928 4.416.928L45.588.44H45.586z" style="fill:#000"/></svg></a></div><div class=searchbox><label for=search-by><i class="fas fa-search"></i></label>
<input data-search-input id=search-by type=search placeholder=Search...>
<span data-search-clear><i class="fas fa-times"></i></span></div><script type=text/javascript src=/ardour-tutorial/js/lunr.min.js?1647910380></script>
<script type=text/javascript src=/ardour-tutorial/js/auto-complete.js?1647910380></script>
<script type=text/javascript>var baseurl="https://prokoudine.github.io/ardour-tutorial/en"</script><script type=text/javascript src=/ardour-tutorial/js/search.js?1647910380></script></div><section id=homelinks><ul><li><a class=padding href=/ardour-tutorial/en/><i class="fas fa-home"></i> Home</a></li></ul></section><div class=highlightable><ul class=topics><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/ title=Introduction class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/><b>1. </b>Introduction</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/conventions/ title=Conventions class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/conventions/>Conventions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/what-is-digital-audio/ title="What is digital audio?" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/introduction/what-is-digital-audio/>What is digital audio?</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/ title="Getting started" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/><b>2. </b>Getting started</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/starting-jack/ title="Starting JACK" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/starting-jack/>Starting JACK</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/starting-ardour-on-ubuntu/ title="Starting Ardour" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/starting-ardour-on-ubuntu/>Starting Ardour</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/ title="Overview of the Interface" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/getting-started/overview-of-the-interface/>Overview of the Interface</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/ title="Starting sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/><b>3. </b>Starting sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/starting-a-session/ title="Starting a session" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/starting-a-session/>Starting a session</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/setting-up-the-timeline/ title="Setting up the timeline" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/setting-up-the-timeline/>Setting up the timeline</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/creating-a-track-or-bus/ title="Creating a track or a bus" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/creating-a-track-or-bus/>Creating a track or a bus</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/importing-audio/ title="Importing audio" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/importing-audio/>Importing audio</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/recording-audio/ title="Recording audio" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/recording-audio/>Recording audio</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/understanding-routing/ title="Understanding routing" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/understanding-routing/>Understanding routing</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/routing-between-applications/ title="Routing between applications" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/starting-sessions/routing-between-applications/>Routing between applications</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/ title="Editing sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/><b>4. </b>Editing sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/ title="Arranging tracks" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/arranging-tracks/>Arranging tracks</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/setting-up-the-meter/ title="Setting up the meter" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/setting-up-the-meter/>Setting up the meter</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/editing-sessions/using-ranges/ title="Using rang
parent"><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/><b>5. </b>Mixing sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/the-mixer-strip/ title="The mixer strip" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/the-mixer-strip/>The mixer strip</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/mixing-levels/ title="Mixing levels" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/mixing-levels/>Mixing levels</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/panning/ title=Panning class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/panning/>Panning</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-plugins/ title="Using plugins" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-plugins/>Using plugins</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/ title="Using sends" class="dd-item active"><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-sends/>Using sends</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/dynamics/ title=Dynamics class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/dynamics/>Dynamics</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/equalizing/ title=Equalizing class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/equalizing/>Equalizing</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-automation/ title="Using automation" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/using-automation/>Using automation</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/ title="Exporting sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/><b>6. </b>Exporting sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-region/ title="Exporting regions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-region/>Exporting regions</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-range/ title="Exporting a range" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-range/>Exporting a range</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-session/ title="Exporting a session" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/exporting-sessions/exporting-a-session/>Exporting a session</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/ title="Saving sessions" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/><b>7. </b>Saving sessions</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-session/ title="Saving a session" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-session/>Saving a session</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-snapshot/ title="Saving a snapshot" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-snapshot/>Saving a snapshot</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-template/ title="Saving a template" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/saving-sessions/saving-a-template/>Saving a template</a></li></ul></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/ title=Appendices class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/><b>8. </b>Appendices</a><ul><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/further-help/ title="Further help" class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/further-help/>Further help</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/glossary/ title=Glossary class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/glossary/>Glossary</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/links/ title=Links class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/links/>Links</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/credits/ title=Credits class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/credits/>Credits</a></li><li data-nav-id=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/license/ title=License class=dd-item><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/appendices/license/>License</a></li></ul></li></ul><section id=shortcuts><h3>More</h3><ul><li><a class=pa
<span id=toc-menu><i class="fas fa-list-alt"></i></span>
<span class=links><a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/>Home</a> > <a href=/ardour-tutorial/en/mixing-sessions/>Mixing sessions</a> > Using sends</span></div><div class=progress><div class=wrapper><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#when-is-a-send-useful>When is a Send useful?</a></li><li><a href=#creating-the-bus-and-adding-a-plugin>Creating the Bus and adding a Plugin</a><ul><li><a href=#bus-inputs>Bus inputs</a></li><li><a href=#bus-output>Bus output</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#creating-and-routing-sends>Creating and Routing Sends</a><ul><li><a href=#post-fader-vs-pre-fader-sends>Post-Fader vs Pre-Fader Sends</a></li><li><a href=#send-fader>Send Fader</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#continuing>Continuing</a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div><div id=head-tags></div><div id=body-inner><h1>Using sends</h1><p>A <em>Send</em> is just an extra output for a Track or Bus with its
own separate Fader that can be used to route the signal to other points in
Ardour.</p><p>Also known as <strong>Auxiliary Sends</strong>, they tap the signal at a specific point in
the signal flow (pre-fader, post-fader, before or after EQs and other
plugins, etc.) and send a copy of that signal somewhere else, without
affecting the normal signal flow downwards to the channel fader.</p><p>In Ardour, you can easily add <strong>Sends</strong> to Tracks and Busses through the Mixer Strip. Sends are Processors, just like Plugins.</p><h2 id=when-is-a-send-useful>When is a Send useful?</h2><p>In earlier chapters, we built a drum kit pattern with four separate tracks: kick, snare, hihat, and clap.
Let&rsquo;s say now you&rsquo;d like to add a reverb to the drums. You could of course add a separate plugin for each individual track,
and tweak their settings separately, but this method unnecessarily increases the amount of work. Every time you want
to change a reverb setting across the board for all drums, you&rsquo;d have to open all four reverb plugins and change them in the same way.</p><p><em>This is where Sends come in handy: you can use them to add a particular effect to a set of Tracks without creating multiple
instances of the same Plugin.</em></p><p>Here&rsquo;s the overview of how we will do this:</p><ul><li>Create a single Bus with the desired Plugin.</li><li>Add a Send to each drum track to which you want to apply the effect.</li><li>Route these Sends to the Bus.</li></ul><h2 id=creating-the-bus-and-adding-a-plugin>Creating the Bus and adding a Plugin</h2><p>Create a Bus (menu <em>Track > Add Track, Bus, or VCA&mldr;</em>), name it appropriately, and add a
Plugin in the Pre-Fader Region (right-click just above the Fader blue
rectangle in the Processor Box), as discussed in the chapter <strong>Using
Plugins</strong>.</p><p>In this example, we have created a Mono Bus called &ldquo;<em>DRUMS</em>&rdquo;, and added
the &ldquo;<em>Freeverb</em>&rdquo; Reverb LADSPA Plugin to the bus.</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Sends_1.png alt=sends1></p><h3 id=bus-inputs>Bus inputs</h3><p>The &ldquo;-&rdquo; display in the Bus Input button indicates that nothing
is routed to this bus yet. We will take care of this later.</p><h3 id=bus-output>Bus output</h3><p>Before routing a send to this Bus, first make
sure that the Bus outputs are Routed to the Master Bus, as shown below
(button at bottom reads &ldquo;<em>master</em>&rdquo;).</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Sends_2.png alt=sends2></p><p>Also, open the Plugin Window (double click on the Freeverb rectangle) and set the Plugin&rsquo;s signal mix to 1.0 Wet
Level and 0.0 Dry Level.</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Sends_3.png alt=sends3></p><p>This ensures that the Bus carries all of the processed signal (the &lsquo;Wet&rsquo;
signal) from the Plugin, and none of the unprocessed signal (the &lsquo;Dry&rsquo;
signal) to the Master Bus. Remember, the unprocessed, &lsquo;clean&rsquo; signals
are still available from their original tracks, so there is no need to
duplicate them in this Bus.</p><h2 id=creating-and-routing-sends>Creating and Routing Sends</h2><p>Now we can create Sends in the other Tracks and route them to the Bus
inputs.</p><p>Like Plugins, Sends are also created in the Processor Box. Go to each of
your drum tracks, right-click in empty space of the Processor Box, and create a <em>New Aux
Send&mldr;</em> directed to the appropriate Bus (in our case, named DRUMS).</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Sends_4.png alt=sends4> </p><div class="notices tip"><p>If you do <em>not</em> see the &ldquo;<em>New Aux Sends&mldr;</em>&rdquo; option in the menu, it&rsquo;s probably because you did not create any bus yet. Go back to the previous step to create the bus.</p></div><p>You should now see the Send displayed in the Processor Box:</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Post-Fader_Send.png alt=postfader> </p><p>The little &ldquo;<em>Send</em>&rdquo; slider you see just below the green rectangle is the Send Fader, which
controls how much sound will be sent from this Track to the Bus.</p><h3 id=post-fader-vs-pre-fader-sends>Post-Fader vs Pre-Fader Sends</h3><p>Notice that the image above shows a Post-Fader Send (it sits &ldquo;<em>after</em>&rdquo; the Fader rectangle).
In Post-Fader Sends, the Send Level is controlled <em>first</em> by both the Track/Bus Fader and <em>second</em> by the
Send Fader.</p><p>In a <em>Pre</em>-Fader Send, on the other hand, the Send Level is controlled only
by the Send Fader, independently of the Track/Bus Fader. A Pre-Fader Send would look like this:</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Pre-Fader_Send.png alt=prefader> </p><p>You can drag the Send rectangle up and down the Processor box to make it Pre- or Post-Fader as needed.</p><div class="notices tip"><p>The choice of Pre- or Post-Fader depending on the type of effect Plugin
used and the desired result. For this exercise, either one will work.</p></div><p>A Send behaves just like any other Plugin in the Processor Box.
You can deactivate it temporarily by clicking on the small &ldquo;LED&rdquo;, and you can right click on the rectangle to access other options, including &ldquo;<em>Delete</em>&rdquo;.</p><h3 id=send-fader>Send Fader</h3><p>To control level of each Send, simply click and drag the Send Fader to increase or decrease its volume.</p><p><img src=en/Ardour4_Send_Fader.png alt=sendfader> </p><p>The DRUMS Bus is now receiving the sum of all tracks, and applying the effect to it. A single Plugin applied to the Bus controls the effect for the mix of all drum sounds routed there. This way, you have independent control over the &ldquo;dry&rdquo; sound of the original tracks, and the &ldquo;wet&rdquo; sound of coming out of the Bus.</p><p>Because Sends are very useful for this kind of work with effect Plugins, they are also commonly
called &ldquo;Effect Sends&rdquo;.</p><h2 id=continuing>Continuing</h2><p>Now that you know how to <strong>Add Plugins</strong> to a Track, as well as how to
<strong>Add Sends</strong> to Tracks to create Plugin Busses usable by any number of
Tracks, it might be helpful to learn about a few other Plugins useful in
the Mixing Process. Please continue on to the following chapters
covering <strong>Dynamics</strong> and <strong>Equalizing</strong>.</p><p>Next: <a href=../dynamics>DYNAMICS</a></p><footer class=footline></footer></div></div><div id=navigation></div></section><div style=left:-1000px;overflow:scroll;position:absolute;top:-1000px;border:none;box-sizing:content-box;height:200px;margin:0;padding:0;width:200px><div style=border:none;box-sizing:content-box;height:200px;margin:0;padding:0;width:200px></div></div><script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/clipboard.min.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/perfect-scrollbar.min.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/perfect-scrollbar.jquery.min.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/jquery.sticky.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/featherlight.min.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/highlight.pack.js?1647910380></script>
<script>hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad()</script><script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/modernizr.custom-3.6.0.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/learn.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/js/hugo-learn.js?1647910380></script>
<script src=/ardour-tutorial/mermaid/mermaid.js?1647910380></script>
<script>mermaid.initialize({startOnLoad:!0})</script></body></html>